"x x x.
Instead, judges will be given the option to punish perpetrators of heinous crimes with reclusion perpetua or life imprisonment to death, he said.
Criminals sentenced to reclusion perpetua serve a 20- to 40-year jail term, eligible for parole after 30 years.
Through Republic Act (RA) Number 7659 signed into law by former president Fidel Ramos, RA 7080 or the plunder law was amended to punish convicted public officers with "reclusion perpetua to death" in December 1993.
But through RA 9346, the Philippines abolished death penalty in 2006 under then-president and now Pampanga 2nd District Representative Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, who remains opposed to the restoration of capital punishment.
Under RA 9346, the effects of RA 7659 and other laws, executive orders, and decrees imposing the death penalty were "hereby repealed or amended accordingly."
x x x.
Apart from plunder, the 20 other heinous crimes listed under HB 4727 in its current form are as follows:
* Treason
* Qualified piracy
* Qualified bribery
* Parricide
* Murder
* Infanticide
* Rape
* Kidnapping and serious illegal detention
* Robbery with violence against or intimidation of persons
* Destructive arson
* Importation of dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals
* Sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution, and transportation of dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals
* Maintenance of a drug den, dive, or resort
* Manufacture of dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals
* Possession of dangerous drugs
* Cultivation or culture of plants classified as dangerous drugs or are sources thereof
* Unlawful prescription of dangerous drugs
* Criminal liability of a public officer or employee for misappropriation, misapplication, or failure to account for the confiscated, seized and/or surrendered dangerous drugs, plant sources of dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and essential chemicals, instruments/paraphernalia and/or laboratory equipment including the proceeds or properties obtained from the unlawful act committed
* Criminal liability for planting evidence concerning illegal drugs
* Carnapping
x x x."
